Softener Systems

Hardness in water is a chemical property caused by calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) ions. The sum of the concentrations of Ca and Mg ions is defined as "total hardness". Common hardness units are mg/lt, ppm, french hardness or grain/gallon (gpg).

Although there are a few major processes for hardness removal, the ion exchange capacity with sodium (Na) based cationic resin has had a wide range of applications in recent years. The process in question has important advantages such as ease of operation and long useful life of the project.

The basis of this process is based on the fact that the cationic resin gives the Na ions in its body to the water, the liberated bonds bind the ionic equivalent amount of Ca and Mg ions to the resin, and thus the Ca and Mg ions are separated from the water.

The capacity of the resin to perform this ion exchange process is proportional to the amount of Na ion it contains. At the point where all the Na ions bound to the resin are replaced with Ca and Mg ions in the water, the ion exchange capacity of the resin is exhausted and the resin needs to be regenerated with Na ions. The regeneration process can simply be defined as the washing of the resin bed for a certain period of time with brine saturated with a certain amount of NaCl salt. brine washing and rinsing processes during the regeneration, the Ca and Mg ions bound to the resin are separated from the resin body and thrown out, and Na ions are loaded into the resin body again.